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Acta Virologica Vol.63, No.3, p.253-260, 2019 |
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Title: The involvement of the substance P/neurokinin 1 receptor system in viral infection: focus on the gp120 fusion protein and homologous dipeptide domains | ||
Author: M. MUÑOZ, R. COVEÑAS, M. KRAMER | ||
Abstract: The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) envelope, via a key extracellular amino acid sequence, may simulate the functionality of native undecapeptide substance P (SP) acting through the host's neurokinin 1 (SP preferring) receptor (NK-1R). Human monocytes and macrophages express both NK-1Rs and SP. In HIV/AIDS the NK-1R may function as a chemokine-like G-protein coupled co-receptor that: 1) fuses to the outer envelope of HIV; 2) enables intracellular entry of the envelope-capsid-NK-1R complex; 3) co-opts immune defence via its physiological interaction with the SP-like envelope; 4) may contribute to resistance of CD4/chemokine entry inhibitor type drugs; 5) relaxes the blood-brain barrier to support entry of the HIV into the central nervous system, and 6) mediates most of the common clinical sequelae of HIV/AIDS (encephalopathy and AIDS dementia complex). The data support the idea that NK-1R antagonists could be useful to treat HIV/AIDS. |
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Keywords: human immunodeficiency virus; NK-1 receptor; NK-1 receptor antagonist; aprepitant; fusion protein; virus | ||
Published online: 09-Sep-2019 | ||
Year: 2019, Volume: 63, Issue: 3 | Page From: 253, Page To: 260 | |
doi:10.4149/av_2019_302 |
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