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Bratislava Medical Journal 2021 Bratislava Medical Journal Vol.122, No.9, p.609–617,2021
Bratislava Medical Journal 2021 Bratislava Medical Journal Vol.122, No.9, p.609–617,2021
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Bratislava Medical Journal Vol.122, No.9, p.609–617,2021 |
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| Title: Soluble HLA-G, its diagnostic and prognostic value and potential target molecule for future therapy in cancer | ||
| Author: K. Kluckova, V. Durmanova, M. Bucova | ||
| Abstract: Human leukocyte antigen G (HLA-G) is a non-classical MHC class I molecule that regulates many immune functions. The physiologic HLA-G expression is restricted to foetal tissues such as: amniotic cells, erythroid precursors, and cytotrophoblasts, and, in adults, to immune-privileged organs. The ectopic expression in tumours could point out to a strategy used by malignant cells to escape the immune surveillance. There are two forms of HLA-G, membrane-bound and soluble. The structure of the soluble and membrane bound isoforms differs at the C-terminus. The extracellular domain and the intracytoplasmic tail are replaced in the secreted isoforms by a short hydrophilic tail. These differences could serve as a marker to distinguish shed or proteolytically cleaved HLA-G isoforms from secreted HLA-G isoforms. HLA-G induces tolerance by inhibiting different cells and this function is mediated by binding of both soluble and membrane-bound HLA-G to the inhibitory receptors. There exists a consistent evidence in literature that HLA-G represents an important factor in determining prognosis in various types of cancer. In this review, we will focus on soluble form of HLA-G (sHLA-G) in cancers and its association with the prognosis of cancer patients, because this immune check-point molecule appears as a promising relevant target for cancer immunotherapy (Fig. 2, Ref. 115). |
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| Keywords: cancer, diagnosis, HLA-G, soluble HLA-G, tumour | ||
| Published online: 31-Aug-2021 | ||
| Year: 2021, Volume: 122, Issue: 9 | Page From: 60, Page To: 617 | |
| doi:10.4149/BLL_2021_097 |
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