Home HOME Bratislava Medical Journal 2022 Bratislava Medical Journal Vol.123, No.3, p.172–177, 2022

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Published Monthly, in English
Founded: 1919
ISSN 0006-9248
(E)ISSN 1336-0345

Impact factor 1.5

 

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Bratislava Medical Journal Vol.123, No.3, p.172–177, 2022

Title: Goldfish as a model for studying the effect of hypernatremia on blood plasma lipoproteins
Author: Alla M. ANDREEVA, Vladimir MARTEMYANOV, Alexey S. VASILIEV, Ilya Yu TOROPYGIN, Nina LAMASH, Darina V GARINA, Dmitry PAVLOV

Abstract: AIM: To evaluate the effect of hypernatremia on the organization of blood plasma high density lipoproteins (HDL) in goldfish; to compare the state of hypernatremia in fish and humans; to assess the possible risks and consequences of the effect of hypernatremia on human plasma lipoproteins.
METHODS: The fish were acclimated for 20 days at a critical salinity of 11.5 g/L; after that the salt water was gradually “desalinated”. The concentration of Na+ and the content of total water were determined in tissues, cells, and body fluids. The HDL organization was assessed by the number of apolipoprotein molecules per particle. The methods of flame spectrophotometry, electrophoresis and MALDI were used.
RESULTS: In fresh water, the state of normonatremia was maintained in the fish body; at critical water salinity, the state of hypernatremia. Against the background of hypernatremia, the initial signs of muscle and erythrocyte dehydration appeared in fish, the total water content in the plasma did not change, and HDL disintegrated into small particles, which, upon restoration of normonatremia, were combined into the original large forms.
CONCLUSION: In goldfish at the state of normonatremia, large forms of HDL are stable while at the state of hypernatremia, the small forms of HDL are stable. Under conditions of a hypertonic environment and plasma hypernatremia, the breakdown of HDL prevents the loss of water from the fish organism and reduces the threat of their dehydration. Human hypernatremia is characterized by plasma sodium levels comparable to that in goldfish, however accompanied by life-threatening metabolic changes. The results of this study may be useful for assessing the risks of HDL breakdown at hypernatremia and for the development of protocols for the treatment of pathological conditions in humans (Fig. 4, Ref. 45).

Keywords: goldfish, blood plasma high density lipoproteins, hypernatremia
Published online: 15-Feb-2022
Year: 2022, Volume: 123, Issue: 3 Page From: 172, Page To: 177
doi:10.4149/BLL_2022_028


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