Neoplasma Vol.69, No.5, p.1008–1018, 2022
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| Title: CAR-T cells for the treatment of relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma in 2022: efficacy and toxicity |
| Author: Martin Krejci, Zdenek Adam, Marta Krejci, Ludek Pour, Viera Sandecka, Martin Stork |
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Abstract: Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells are a new treatment modality in various hematological malignancies, including relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM). RRMM patients have a poor prognosis, and their treatment options are limited. Currently available data from clinical trials on CAR-T cell therapy have demonstrated efficacy and manageable toxicity in RRMM. The CAR-T cells in RRMM mostly focus on already known cellular targets, such as B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA). CAR-T cells focusing on other targets have been analyzed in various clinical trials as well. Cytokine release syndrome (CRS), specific neurotoxicity, and hematological toxicity are the main adverse events (AE); according to the clinical trials, they are mostly mild with a low incidence of grade 3 or higher toxicities. The autologous CAR-T cell therapy against BCMA (ide-cel and cilta-cel) shows the best efficacy with an overall response rate and a median progression-free survival in RRMM. Both ide-cel and cilta-cel have already been approved by the FDA. Currently, the main controversies in the routine use of CAR-T cells are high treatment costs and unknown long-term efficacy. In this review, we summarize the current overview of CAR-T cell therapies in RRMM in 2021 with various targets for CAR-T cells and their efficacy, safety, and possible limitations. Future prospective clinical trials are needed to clarify the optimal role of CAR-T cells in MM therapy.
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| Keywords: multiple myeloma; CAR T-cells; chimeric antigen receptor; B-cell maturation antigen |
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Published online: 28-Jul-2022
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| Year: 2022, Volume: 69, Issue: 5 |
Page From: 1008, Page To: 1018 |
doi:10.4149/neo_2022_220504N477
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